Defective Verb

Waw (و) and ya (ي) are weak letters . The verb that contain weak letter are weak verb. There are 3 types of weak verb.

Verbs with waaw or ya as the first root letter are called assimilated verbs
Verbs with waaw or ya as the second root letter are called hollow verbs
Verbs with waaw or ya as the third root letter are called defective verbs


For Urdu Speaker:

عربی میں واو(و) اور یا (ي) کمزور حروف هیں. ایسا فعل جس میں کمزور حروف هوں انهیں الْفِعْلُ الْمُعْتَلُّ کهتے هیں

الْفِعْلُ الْمُعْتَلُّ ۳ قسم کے هیں

المِثَالُ: ایسا فعل جسکا پهلا حرف واو(و) اور یا (ي) هو

الأَجْوَفُ:  ایسا فعل جسکا دوسرا  حرف واو(و) اور یا (ي) هو

النَّاقِصُ: ایسا فعل جسکا تیسرا  حرف واو(و) اور یا (ي) هو

Defective Verb : Past Tense

و + Second Radical +  First radical

Verbs with waw as the last radical/letter are regular in past tense except for 3rd person singular masculine/feminine, 3rd person dual feminine , 3rd person plural masculine.


For Urdu Speaker:

ايسے افعال جس کا تیسرا حرف واو(و) هو ، ماضی میں باقاعده افعال کی طرح هیں سوائے هو ، هی ، هما (المثنی المونث: ) اور هم کے.

ي + Second Radical with Fatha +  First radical

Verbs with ya as the last radical/letter and fatha on the second radical/letter are regular in past tense except for 3rd person singular masculine/feminine, 3rd person dual feminine , 3rd person plural masculine.


For Urdu Speaker:

ايسے افعال جس کا تیسرا حرف یا(ي) هو اور دوسرے حرف پر فتحه هو ، ماضی میں باقاعده افعال کی طرح هیں سوائے هو ، هی ، هما (المثنی المونث: ) اور هم 

کے

ي + Second Radical with kasrah +  First radical

Verbs with ya as the last radical/letter and kasrah on the second radical/letter are regular in past tense except for 3rd person plural masculine. 

For Urdu Speaker:

ايسے افعال جس کا تیسرا حرف یا(ي) هو اور دوسرے حرف پركسره هو ، ماضی میں باقاعده افعال کی طرح هیں سوائے هم

3rd person plural masculine

Defective Verbs : Present Tense

و + Second Radical +  First radical

Verbs with waw as the last radical/letter are regular  in present tense except for  3rd person plural masculine, 2nd person masculine plural, 2nd person feminine singular.

Note: In the mudare marfu the dammah on 3rd radical is omitted. (When there is dammah on 3rd radical , the dammah is removed) e.g يَدْعُوُ ==>` يَدْعُوْ

In 3rd person masculine plural and 2nd person masculine plural , the 3rd radical is omitted (removed).

In 2nd person feminine singular, the 3rd radical is removed and the dammah on second radical is changed to kasrah.

ي + Second Radical with Fatha +  First radical

Verbs with ya as the last radical/letter and fatha on second radical are regular  in present tense except for  3rd person plural masculine, 2nd person masculine plural, 2nd person feminine singular.

Note: In the mudare marfu the dammah on 3rd radical is omitted. (When there is dammah on 3rd radical , the dammah is removed) e.g يَدْعُوُ ==>` يَدْعُوْ

In 3rd person masculine plural and 2nd person masculine plural , the 3rd radical is omitted (removed) and the kasrah on second radical is changed to dammah.


In 2nd person feminine singular, the 3rd radical is removed.

ي + Second Radical with kasrah +  First radical

Verbs with ya as the last radical/letter and kasrah on second letter are regular  in present tense except for  3rd person plural masculine, 2nd person masculine plural, 2nd person feminine singular.

Note: The last radical of these verbs is written as alif maqsora. 

In 3rd person masculine plural , 2nd person masculine plural and 2nd person feminine singular, the 3rd radical is omitted (removed) .

Defective verb in jussive

In jussive the verb doesn't  take any vowel (it have sukkon at the end).

When the particle لَمْ (lam== did not ) is placed before the present verb , the verb will change to jussive mood.

Here is defective verb form 1 conjugation in jussive mood..

ي + second radical with kasrah + first radical