Negation

Adding negative particle to present affirmative  ======================================== 

ma (ما) + Present affirmative >>= will change to =>> present negative
Changes: No changes 
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la (لا) + Present affirmative >>= will change to =>> present negative 
Changes: No changess 
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lam (لَمْ) + Present affirmative >>= will change to =>> past negative: 
Changes: The case ending of the verb after the particle lam (لَمْ) will change from nominative to jussive  i.e from damah to sukon 
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lan (لَنْ) + Present affirmative >>= will change to =>> future negative 
Changes: The case ending of the verb after the particle lan (لَنْ) will change from nominative to accusative i.e from damah to fatha

Adding La Or Ma to present tense verb

Present tense can be negated by two particles ma (ما) or la (لا).

Using ma (ما):

When the particle ma (ما) is added to the present tense verb, the sentence will give negative meaning e.g 
I like == أُحِبُّ  == uhibbu 
I don't like == أُحِبُّ ما == ma uhibbu

Using la ( لا):

When the particle la (لا) is added to the present tense verb, the sentence will give negative meaning e.g 
I like == أُحِبُّ  == uhibbu 
I don't like == أُحِبُّ لا == la uhibbu

Adding negative particle Lam to present tense verb

When the particle lan (لَمْ) is added to the present tense verb , three changes will occur in meaning and structure of the sentence. 1. The sentence will give negative meaning . 2. The sentence will give meaning of past tense. 3. The case ending of the verb after the particle lam (لَمْ) will change from nominative to jussive  i.e from damah to sukon Example: He writes == يَكْتُبُ == yaktubu He didn't write ==  لَمْ يَكْتُبْ == lam yaktub

Sentence analysis:

After adding the particle lam (لَمْ) is added to the present tense verb , these changes occured in a sentence. He writes يَكْتُبُ  >> He didn't write لَمْ يَكْتُبْ 1. The sentence is giving negative meaning. 2. The sentence is giving meaning of past. 3. The case ending of the verb after particle lam (لَمْ) is changed from nominative to jussive i.e yaktubu يَكْتُبُ >> yaktub يَكْتُبْ

Adding negative particle Lan to present tense verb

When the particle lan (لَنْ) is added to the present tense verb , three changes will occur in meaning and structure of the sentence. 1. The sentence will give negative meaning . 2. The sentence will give meaning of future tense. 3. The case ending of the verb after the particle lan (لَنْ) will change from nominative to accusative i.e from damah to fatha
Example: I will return == سَأَرْجِعُ == saa arjiaau I will not return ==  لَنْ أَرْجِعَ  == lan arjiaaa

Sentence analysis:

After adding the particle lan (لَنْ) is added to the present tense verb , these changes occured in a sentence. i return أرْجِعُ >> i will not return  لَنْ أَرْجِعَ. 1. The sentence is giving negative meaning. 2. The sentence is giving meaning of future. 3. The case ending of the verb after the particle lan is changed from nominative to accusative i.e arjiaau أرْجِعُ >> arjiaaa أَرْجِعَ

Adding Negative particle to past tense verb

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Adding negative particle ma to past tense verb

Example: I went == ذَهَبْتُ == zahabtu I didn't go == ما ذَهَبْتُ == ma zahabtu He went out == خَرَجَ == kharaja He didn't go out == ما خَرَجَ == ma kharaja